Rapid detection of ITPA 94C>A and IVS2 + 21A>C gene mutations by real-time fluorescence PCR and in vitro demonstration of effect of ITPA IVS2 + 21A>C polymorphism on splicing efficiency.

ation in human cancer. Cancer Res 2000;60:4366–71. 15. Esteller M, Corn PG, Urena JM, Gabrielson E, Baylin SB, Herman JG. Inactivation of glutathione S-transferase P1 gene by promoter hypermethylation in human neoplasia. Cancer Res 1998;58:4515–8. 16. Esteller M, Hamilton SR, Burger PC, Baylin SB, Herman JG. Inactivation of the DNA repair gene O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase by promoter hypermethylation is a common event in primary human neoplasia. Cancer Res 1999;59:793–7. 17. Lee TL, Leung WK, Chan MW, Ng EK, Tong JH, Lo KW, et al. Detection of gene promoter hypermethylation in the tumor and serum of patients with gastric carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2002;8:1761–6. 18. Chan MW, Chan LW, Tang NL, Lo KW, Tong JH, Chan AW, et al. Frequent hypermethylation of promoter region of RASSF1A in tumor tissues and voided urine of urinary bladder cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2003;104: 611–6. 19. Chan MW, Chan LW, Tang NL, Tong JH, Lo KW, Lee TL, et al. Hypermethylation of multiple genes in tumor tissues and voided urine in urinary bladder cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2002;8:464–70. 20. Nakajima T, Akiyama Y, Shiraishi J, Arai T, Yanagisawa Y, Ara M, et al. Age-related hypermethylation of the hMLH1 promoter in gastric cancers. Int J Cancer 2001;94:208–11. 21. Waki T, Tamura G, Sato M, Motoyama T. Age-related methylation of tumor suppressor and tumor-related genes: an analysis of autopsy samples. Oncogene 2003;22:4128–33. 22. Klaassen CH, Jeunink MA, Prinsen CF, Ruers TJ, Tan AC, Strobbe LJ, et al. Quantification of human DNA in feces as a diagnostic test for the presence of colorectal cancer. Clin Chem 2003;49:1185–7. 23. Kawakami K, Brabender J, Lord RV, Groshen S, Greenwald BD, Krasna MJ, et al. Hypermethylated APC DNA in plasma and prognosis of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:1805–11. 24. Grady WM, Rajput A, Lutterbaugh JD, Markowitz SD. Detection of aberrantly methylated hMLH1 promoter DNA in the serum of patients with microsatellite unstable colon cancer. Cancer Res 2001;61:900–2. 25. Muller HM, Oberwalder M, Fiegl H, Morandell M, Goebel G, Zitt M, et al. Methylation changes in faecal DNA: a marker for colorectal cancer screening? Lancet 2004;363:1283–5.